A Symmetry Classification of Columns
Martin Golubitsky and Ian Melbourne

Bridges: Mathematical Connections in Art, Music, and Science
Pages 209–224

Abstract

The Yale art historian George Hersey showed us the columns in Figure 1 and asked us whether the ideas of symmetry breaking could be used to help classify architectural columns. Provoked by this question and the intriguing columns in that figure, we attempted to answer Hersey in the following way. We view a column as a deformed cylinder and column symmetries as the subgroup of the symmetries of the cylinder that preserve the column.

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